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Q1 What is A1 (Application Performance Class 1)?

Application Performance Class can be applied to UHS SDHC/SDXC Memory Card product family.
＊Not only for storing maps, pictures, videos, music, dictionary and documents, the Application Performance Class 1 (A1) also enables user to be freed form sluggish for editing and updating data.
＊The Application Performance Class 2 (A2) makes SD memory card much higher performance than A1 performance by using functions of Command Queuing and Cache. Efficient flash memory management can be supported by Maintenance functions.

Reference soruce: SD Assocation

Q2 How do I format Solid State Drive to NTFS on Windows?

On Windows 7 / 8 / 8.1 / 10:
1. Open "My Computer."
2. Right click on the drive, and select "Format."
3. Choose NTFS in the File System dropdown box, and click "Start."

Q3 What is TRIM?

TRIM is a command that enables operating system (such as Windows 7) to notify the SSD which data is no longer valid and can be safely deleted. Also, the TRIM works when the SSD is idle so that it can maximize the performance and endurance of a SSD.

Q4 What is ECC?

ECC (Error correcting Code) automatically detects and corrects data corruption that occurs during reading, writing, storage, transmission or processing. This technology ensures a more complete and safer data transmission.

Q5 What is USB 3.1 Gen 1?

According to the USB Association, USB 3.0 has been renamed “USB 3.1 Gen 1”. The USB 3.1 Gen 1 specification encompasses the USB 3.0 specification and retains a theoretical transfer rate of 5.0 Gbps, which is 10 times faster than USB 2.0. USB 3.1 Gen 1 (USB3.0) is backward compatible with USB 2.0, but the transfer rate will be limited by the USB 2.0 interface.

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Q6 What does the rating symbol or mark (speed class) on the memory card mean?

Those Symbols, Speed Class, UHS Speed Class and Video Speed Class with a number indicate minimum writing speed, are mainly useful for camcorders, video recorders and other devices with video recording capabilities. Regarding bus mode, it is necessary to use a bus mode fast enough that does not affect memory write speed. Speed Class C10 is used in High Speed mode or faster, UHS Speed Class U1 and U3 are used in SDR50/DDR50 or faster, and Video Speed Class symbols V60 and V90 are used in UHS-II mode or faster. Each Memory card has a symbols or mark on it describing the speed class. Users should choose the proporate card for the devices application.

*Remark: Video Speed Class is defined to answer a demand for high resolution and high quality 4K8K video recording and it also has an important feature to support next generation flash memory such as 3D NAND. Furthermore, as it covers speed of HD(2K) video, it is possible to integrate into Video Speed Class from now on.

*Refource source: SD Association

Q7 How to confirm whether the Memory Card is compatible with the device?

Please make sure the specification of the Memory Card is compatible with your device.
-SDXC Memory Card can only be used on a device that supports SDXC.
-SDHC Memory Card can be used on a device that supports SDHC and SDXC.
-SD Memory Card can be used on a device that supports SD, SDHC and SDXC.

Q8 Why is the actual storage capacity of the product slightly less than the volume written on the product specification?

All storage products will display less than stated memory capacity on a computer. The discrepancy results from different algorithms.

On a computer, 1GB = 1024*1024*1024 = 1,073,741,824 (1024 is 2 to the power of 10, which is the algorithm used by the computer)

For a 32GB pen drive, the computer will calculate it as having capacity of 29.80GB.
32,000,000,000÷1,024÷1,024÷1,024 ≒ 14.90GB.

Also note that each Flash memory may possess innate variances because of its manufacturing process. KINGMAX will therefore adjust the available space on the pen drive to store necessary firmware configurations or system data. Please be assured that we do so at appropriate measures and that your pendrive has the normal capacity.

Q9 What is the difference between FAT32 and exFAT?

(1) FAT32 is only supported by memory cards/ pen drives with capacity less than 32GB, and it does not support storing or transmitting any single file that exceeds 4GB in size.
(2) The exFAT file system was released by Microsoft to address FAT32's inability to carry files over 4GB. Also if the capacity of your memory card/pen drive are larger than 32GB, you could format it to exFAT. It depends on the users' need to choose the file system to format the memory cards / pen drives.

Q10 What is a dual-channel memory module? Is there any limitation in use?

Dual-channel memory modules are two memory modules with the same specification, capacity and serial number in the same package.

Because a dual-channel memory is connected to the memory controller through a series of wires, it requires two sets of memory modules with the same capacity and electrical specification. Transfer speed increases as the memory bus capacity increases from 64 bit to 128 bit. Users must install the two modules in the specific DIMM slots to enable dual channel function to have a stable usage.

Q11 Is DDR4 backward compatible with DDR3, DDR2 and DDR1?

No, DDR4 memory modules can't be backward compatible with DDR3/DDR2/DDR1. Each module has different pin numbers and notch positions, so they can be installed in repective socket only. The power supply for each generation also varies:
DDR1 DIMMs voltage is 2.5V;
DDR2 DIMM voltage is 1.8V;
DDR3 DIMM voltage is 1.5V (or 1.35V for low-voltage version);
DDR4 DIMM voltage is 1.2V.

Q12 How do I plug the memory module into the memory slot of the motherboard?

Please make sure the memory module is correctly oriented that the notch of the module matches the memory slot, and then gently push the module straight down to the slot.

*Be aware that you must turn the computer off before installing or removing the modules.

Q13 What is SD, SDHC and SDXC?

There are three standards for capacity:

· SD standard - Up to 2GB SD memory card using FAT 12 and 16 file systems

· SDHC standard - over 2GB-32GB SDHC memory card using FAT32 file system

· SDXC standard - over 32GB-2TB SDXC memory card using exFAT file system

Q14 What should I do if my digital camera cannot read my memory card?

Reasons causing memory card read failure are as follows:

1. Power of camera is switched OFF while the camera is accessing data.

2. Taking a picture when the battery is low.

3. Withdrawing the memory card when the camera is accessing data.

The remedy to the above problems is to avoid incorrect use of the memory card. If unfortunately any of the above happens, use PC and a card reader to re-format the memory card.

Q15 How come the files in my memory card are corrupted?

There are two main reasons for data corruption in a memory card.
1. Taking pictures or recording with a camera that is running low on batteries, or has an unstable power supply.
2. Removing the memory card from a device during a read/write operation. Please make sure that you have safely ejected your memory card before unplugging it from your device.

* Please format your memory card in the camera before using.